Charles Dickens--1812-1870--Dickens was a famous English writer who wrote many famous literary works. He wrote such novels as Great Expectations, Oliver Twist, A Christmas Carol, David Copperfield, and A Tale of Two Cities. Dickens' books have been popular for more than a hundred years.

Ludwig Van Beethoven--1770-1827--Beethoven is considered one of the greatest composers in history. He made music independent of social, religious, and teaching purposes. His works range from orchestra, chamber music, piano, to vocal.

Louis Pasteur--1822-1895--He discovered that diseases were caused by germs. Pasteur studied fermentation of alcohol and found yeast to be the organism capable of reproducing itself even in artificial media. This became known as the Pasteur effect because of this oxygen free concept. This process is now used to make milk and other liquids safe to drink.

Charles Darwin--1809-1882--Darwin proposed the theory of natural selection, on which he based his theory of evolution. His book On the Origin of Species By Means of Natural Selection, which he wrote in 1859, changed the course of biology studies forever.

Peter Tchaikovsky--1840-1893--He was a Russian composer who composed such symphonies as The Overture to Romeo and Juliet and the opera Opichnik. Most of his works weren't appreciated until after his death and seemed refreshing to American society.

Robert Schumann--1810-1856--Schumann started his musical education on the piano at an early age. He published several piano pieces to critical acclaim, and he also served as an editor for the New Journal for Music. He wrote over 130 songs, began writing symphonies, and wrote chamber music.

Edouard Manet--1832-1883--He was a French artist who introduced Impressionism and another style called peinture claire. Many of the techniques and ideas he developed are almost standard in today's art. He had a strong influence on the art world.

Robert Koch--1843-1910--He discovered the cure for tuberculosis.

Louis Sullivan--1856-1924--He introduced the idea for steel framed skyscrapers. He is responsible for building many famous skyscrapers.

Also see Science and Inventions